Normal force (N)
Friction coefficient
Friction:
Sliding friction is calculated by multiplying the coefficient of friction (μ) by the normal force (N) acting on the object. The formula is: R = μN. Sliding friction is the same as kinetic friction. The normal force is usually equal to the gravitational force acting on the object, but in the opposite direction. This is not always the case, such as when the surface is not flat. The coefficient of friction is usually a number between 0 and 1, and depends on the materials in contact. Here is a coefficients of friction table:
| Object 1 | Object 2 | Coefficient of friction |
|---|---|---|
| Steel | Steel | 0,6 (dry) |
| Steel | Steel | 0,01-0,1 (oiled) |
| Wood | Wood | 0,2-0,5 (dry) |
| Wood | Wood | 0,2 (wet) |
| Aluminium | Steel | 0,5 |
| Glass | Glass | 0,4 |
| Rubber | Dry asphalt | 0,7 |
| Rubber | Wet asphalt | 0,2 |
| Rubber | Ice | 0,02 |
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